2 Corinthians 4:6

Authorized King James Version

For God, who commanded the light to shine out of darkness, hath shined in our hearts, to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ὅτι
For
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#2
τοῦ
who
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#3
θεοῦ
God
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
#4
τοῦ
who
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#5
εἰπών
commanded
to speak or say (by word or writing)
#6
Ἐκ
out of
a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct
#7
σκότους
darkness
shadiness, i.e., obscurity (literally or figuratively)
#8
φῶς
the light
luminousness (in the widest application, natural or artificial, abstract or concrete, literal or figurative)
#9
ἔλαμψεν
hath shined
to beam, i.e., radiate brilliancy (literally or figuratively)
#10
ὃς
the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
#11
ἔλαμψεν
hath shined
to beam, i.e., radiate brilliancy (literally or figuratively)
#12
ἐν
in
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#13
τοῦ
who
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#14
καρδίαις
hearts
the heart, i.e., (figuratively) the thoughts or feelings (mind); also (by analogy) the middle
#15
ἡμῶν
our
of (or from) us
#16
πρὸς
to
a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,
#17
φωτισμὸν
give the light
illumination (figuratively)
#18
τοῦ
who
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#19
γνώσεως
of the knowledge
knowing (the act), i.e., (by implication) knowledge
#20
τοῦ
who
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#21
δόξης
of the glory
glory (as very apparent), in a wide application (literal or figurative, objective or subjective)
#22
τοῦ
who
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#23
θεοῦ
God
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
#24
ἐν
in
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#25
προσώπῳ
the face
the front (as being towards view), i.e., the countenance, aspect, appearance, surface; by implication, presence, person
#26
Ἰησοῦ
of Jesus
jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites
#27
Χριστοῦ
Christ
anointed, i.e., the messiah, an epithet of jesus

Cross References

Related verses that illuminate this passage (hover to preview):

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing glory contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection